In the United States, hearing loss is the third most common chronic physical condition (National Center for Environmental Health, 2018). As many as one in 10 people are estimated to have a disabling hearing loss that will require rehabilitation (WHO, 2021b). Current trends indicate that this prevalence rate is increasing, with as many as one in four people projected to be living with some degree of hearing loss by 2050 (WHO, 2021a). Hearing loss was found to be more prevalent among males (8.5%) than females (6.7% World Health Organization, 2018). Prevalence refers to the number of individuals who are living with the disorder or condition in a given time period.Īs of 2018, 432 million adults worldwide demonstrated a disabling hearing loss, or a hearing loss greater than 40 decibels (dB), resulting in an overall prevalence rate of 7.6% of adults aged 15 years and older. The incidence of a disorder or condition refers to the number of new cases identified in a specified time period. Visit the Ida Institute and the Institute for Patient- and Family-Centered Care for more information on person-centered hearing health care. ASHA resources on this topic include person-centered care in audiology and the ASHA Practice Portal page on Cultural Responsiveness. Comprehensive hearing health provision models include person- and family-centered approaches (Grenness et al., 2014 Scarinci et al., 2013). See the ASHA resource on interprofessional education/interprofessional practice (IPE/IPP) for more information on interprofessional collaborative practice.Īn individual with hearing loss and their family (which includes, for the purpose of this page, family members, significant others, caregivers, and support system members) are integral to the assessment, treatment, and management process, including planning, decision making, and service delivery. Audiologists, speech-language pathologists, otolaryngologists, primary care physicians, and various other specialists may be involved. The assessment, treatment, and management of hearing loss and related disorders is often an interprofessional process. For example, flat hearing loss configurations indicate approximately the same amount of hearing loss for low and high frequencies, whereas the configuration for a high-frequency or a low-frequency loss will appear sloped. The configuration, or shape, of the hearing loss refers to the pattern of hearing loss across frequencies, as illustrated in a graph called an audiogram. The table below shows one commonly used classification system. The degree of hearing loss can have significant implications for an individual (e.g., limiting the ability to understand speech in background noise, decreasing the enjoyment of music, impacting overall quality of life). The degree of hearing loss refers to level of severity. Mixed hearing loss is the result of damage to conductive pathways of the outer and/or middle ear and to the nerves or sensory hair cells of the inner ear. Conductive hearing loss is due to a problem conducting sound waves through the outer ear canal, tympanic membrane, or middle ear (ossicles).Sensorineural hearing loss is due to cochlear (sensory) or vestibulocochlear nerve/CN VIII (neural) auditory dysfunction.The three basic types of hearing loss are sensorineural, conductive, and mixed. Hearing loss can be described by variation in type, degree, and configuration. present at birth or acquired at some point during an individual’s life.symmetrical (degree and configuration of hearing loss are the same in each ear) or asymmetrical,.Hearing loss has a variety of causes and may be In the context of this page, hearing loss refers to an audiologic diagnosis of hearing thresholds outside the range of typical hearing. It can result from problems with the ear (outer, middle, and/or inner), the vestibulocochlear nerve (i.e., cranial nerve eight or CN VIII), and/or the auditory system. Hearing loss refers to a partial or total inability to hear. See the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) resource on hearing-related topics: terminology guidance for more information. Hearing-related terminology may vary depending upon context and a range of factors. See the Hearing Loss (Adults) Evidence Map for summaries of the available research on this topic. The scope of this page is hearing loss in adult populations aged 18 years and older.
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